“嵌入型”富裕地区政策创新:空间限制与行动策略——以神木“免费医疗”政策为例

Policy Innovation in the "Embedded" Rich District:Space Bound and Action Strategy——A Case study of Shenmu "Free-Medicare" Policy

为探讨经济水平与政策创新之间的关系,对神木县"免费医疗"政策进行了案例分析。虽然传统文献认为一个地区的经济状况和财政能力会影响其政策创新,但研究发现,在中国模式的府际关系下,不仅一个地区自身的经济水平,而且其周边地区的经济状况以及这个地区所在区域的整体经济状况也会影响其政策创新。虽然富裕地区相对于落后地区而言更具有政策创新的可能性,但"嵌入型"富裕地区相对于一般富裕地区而言,在政策创新上却会受到更多的空间限制。同时,面对更为严格的空间限制,"嵌入型"富裕地区的政策创新主体依然可以采取相应的行动策略来争取政策创新的成功,但这些行动策略的风险很高,而且这种情况下的政策创新已经超越了单纯的政绩动机而具有某种道德情怀。这些研究发现为我国中西部地区地方政府的政策创新为何远远少于东部地区提供了一个补充性的解释框架。由于是单案例研究,因而这些结论的可靠性还需要更多的案例作进一步的验证。

The objective of this paper is to analyze the correlation between economic level and policy innovation.A case study of Shenmu 'Free-medicare' policy was conducted.The traditional literatures argue that the economic conditions and budget capacity of a district can affect its policy innovation,but the analysis reveals that,in the context of Chinese intergovernmental relations' model,not only the local economic conditions but also the surrounding economy conditions even the whole region can affect its policy innovation.In general,the rich district is more likely to conduct policy innovation than the poverty district.However,the 'embedded' rich district is subjected to more restrict.Meanwhile,the policy innovation body in the 'embedded' rich district can still adopt some certain action strategies to struggle for success.Whereas,there are high risks of the policy innovation,and the motivation of the policy innovation in this situation are certain moral feelings rather than purely pursuing government performance.The findings can give us a supplemental explaining framework for why policy innovation in Midwest region was far less than Eastern region in China.Because this is a singlecase study,the validity of the conclusion should be further tested by more cases.