海南省2006～2010年国家疟疾监测点监测结果分析

Analysis of malaria surveillance in monitoring sites of Hainan Province from 2006 to 2010

目的了解海南省疟疾的流行现状及其影响因素,掌握疟疾流行规律和趋势;为评价防治效果和制订疟疾防治对策提供科学依据。方法根据地理分布和疟疾发病情况,选择万宁市南宁农场、琼中县和平镇、白沙县青松乡、乐东县乐中农场、东方市江边乡作为监测点,开展发热病人血检、小学生间接荧光抗体(IFA)检测、疟疾病例流行病学调查、媒介按蚊密度调查、媒介按蚊抗性监测等相关影响因素。结果2006～2010年监测点疟疾发病数分别为362、310、211、95和19例;发热病人血检率各年分别为18.24%、19.72%、12.83%、11.80%和15.32%;检出疟原虫阳性率2006～2010年分别为3.07%、2.31%、1.43%、0.41%和0.01%;5个监测点5年共个案调查1 745例疟疾病人,其中在乡镇医院初诊的1 137例,占65.16%;在村医初诊的581例,占33.30%。结论今后应继续加大监测工作力度,加强镜检培训以提升乡镇医务人员疟疾病例诊断能力,及时发现传染源,避免二代病例的产生。

Objective To understand the prevalence of malaria and assess effect of malaria control and prevention in Hainan province.Methods Based on geographic distribution and the condition of malaria infections,Nanning Farm of Wanning City,Heping Town of Qiongzhong County,Qingsong Township of Baisha County,Lezhong Farm of Ledong County,Ji angbian Township of Dongfang city were selected as malaria monitoring sites.Blood examination of feverish cases was conduct ed and IFA test of primary school pupils was carried out.In addition,individual malaria cases and the transmission vectors were also surveyed.Results From 2006 to 2010,there were 362,310,211,95 and 19 malaria cases were reported,respective ly in five malaria monitoring sites.Blood examination rates of febrile patients were 18.24%,19.72%,12.83%,11.80% and 15.32%,respectively.Parasite positive rates of feverish cases in five malaria monitoring sites from 2006 to 2010.were 3.07%,2.31%,1.43%,0.41% and 0.01%,respectively,There were 1745 malaria cases investigated in five malaria monitoring sites.There were 1137 malaria cases were diagnosed by township hospital,accounting for 65.16% of the total cases and 581 cases were diagnosed by village doctors accounting for 33.30% of the total cases.Conclusion It was necessary to intensify the sur veillance of malaria and enhance the capability of township doctors in diagnosis and treatment of malaria cases.