十堰市2011年禽流感职业暴露人群抗体水平与外环境分布

Results of monitoring of antibody level of population occupationally exposed to avian influenza virus in Shiyan City in 2011

目的了解禽流感职业暴露人群抗体水平与不同场所外环境分布状况,为作好禽流感防控提供依据。方法2011年先从十堰地区不同场所采集职业暴露人群血清200份,同时完成200份调查问卷,并按季度采集234份外环境标本;后用两种抗原进行血凝抑制实验(HI)与Real-time PCR方法进行检测,最后使用Epidata与SPSS 17.0进行统计分析。结果血清标本全部为阴性;外环境标本阳性率为21.37%,其中城乡活禽农贸市场检出率64%;大型家禽屠宰加工厂42.5%,野生候鸟栖息地1.96%,家庭规模养殖场与家庭散养户集中的地区未检出,不同场所检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=54.734,P<0.05),采样时间对检出率没有影响(χ2=2.837,P>0.05)。结论不同场所的外环境禽流感分布不同,职业暴露人群抗体水平较低,需要重点防护的人群为城乡活禽农贸市场与大型家禽屠宰加工厂人员。

Objective To understand the infection status of avian influenza in the occupation exposure population and in different external environmental distribution and provide the evidence for prevention and control of avian influenza H5N1.Methods Two hundred serum samples were collected from population exposed to avian influenza virus and 234 external environment samples were obtained from the different district in Shiyan City in 2011 and detected by the hemagglutination inhibition test（HI） and Real-time PCR methods.Questionaire survey was conducted at the same time,The data were analyzed by Epidata and SPSS 17.0 software.Results All the serum samples were negative.The positive rate of the external environment samples was 21.37%,being 64% for samples from urban and rural live poultry markets,42.5% for samples from poultry slaughtering and processing factory,1.96% for samples from wild migratory bird habitats,showing significant difference in different sites（χ2=54.734,P0.05）and no significant difference was found in different seasons（χ2=2.837,P0.05）.Conclusion The distribution of avian influenza virus was different in the different external environment sites,the antibody level among occupationally exposed population was relatively lower.The key population needed protected were those in the urban and rural live avian markets and the poultry slaughtering and processing factory.