积极阅读与思维的交互式策略训练系统(iSTART-ME)——基于自然语言加工与游戏环境的理解与训练

iSTART-ME:A Natural Language Game-Enhanced Comprehension Strategy Tutor

积极阅读与思维的交互式策略训练系统(Interactive Strategy Training for Active Reading and Thinking),即iSTART,是一套帮助学习者更好地理解学习内容的策略训练系统。该系统包括两大基本思想:一是,吸收了自然语言加工(natural language processing,NLP)的研究成果,可以使学生运用其自身的思想、观念与计算机系统进行交流,在练习过程中获得反馈并根据反馈信息进行即时的调整;二是,设计了边游戏边学习的活动,即基于游戏的练习活动,从而起到维持学习者学习动机的效果。该文即是对iSTART系统及其有效性的研究总结和思考。

iSTART is a content comprehension strategy tutoring system in which students practice generating self-explanations and using reading strategics,intelligent Tutoring Systems(ITSs) are situated in a potential struggle between effective pedagogy and system enjoyment and engagement.iSTART employs two devices to engage the user.The first is natural language processing(NLP).Incorporating NLP within iSTART allows students to use their own thoughts and ideas to communicate with the system,and serves as the core intelligence of the system that is used to drive the feedback and the adaptive interactions during practice.Studies have shown that the NLP algorithms within iSTART perforin comparably to human raters and provide a good measure for the sophistication of student sell-explanations.The second device is the use of game-based practice.Skill mastery requires a significant commitment to practice over extended periods of time.Unfortunately,this persistent and repetitive practice is also associated with disengagement from the targel educational task.Therefore,a gaming environment was developed that integrates multiple combinations oi enjoyable,engaging game elemenls with the target practice tasks.This paper describes these Iwo principle aspects of iSTART and researches on their effectiveness.