制度实施过程中的“反公共地悲剧”及其出路——以预防职务犯罪制度为例

On "Tragedy of Anticommons" and its Countermeasures

在多元化参与主体的情况下,制度实施的过程中会出现"反公共地悲剧"现象。消除或避免"反公共地悲剧"有两个方案。方案一,将制度实施权统一交由某个机构行使,消除或减少制度实施各个参与主体之间的利益冲突和纠纷。方案二,在单一的实施主体难以推动制度实施的情况下,应当设置中间协调机构,对制度实施过程中的各参与主体进行统一协调。协调机构的职能履行状况在很大程度上依赖于政治资源的优化配置程度。

In the condition of pluralistic participant, the ＂tragedy oi antlcommons＂ phenomenon wm appear m the implementation process. To eliminate or avoid the ＂tragedy of anticommons＂ , two options exist ： One, the power of implementation be unified by an institution so as to eliminate interest conflicts or disputes among participants ; Two, an intermediate coordination institution be tation. arranged to coordinate all participants in the process of implementation.