不同处理工艺的水厂水质分析研究

Water Quality of Water Plants with Different Treatment Process

[目的]分析上海市松江区水厂水质质量监测数据,了解松江区水质质量变化趋势,为政府制定供水规划及监管措施提供科学依据。[方法]收集2006—2012年松江区水厂水源水和出厂水水质监测资料,分析各年度松江区出厂水合格率变化趋势及不合格指标分布情况,分析不同原水、不同制水工艺对出厂水水质的影响。[结果]2006—2012年松江区常规处理工艺水厂关闭了10座(镇级),深度水处理工艺水厂增加到了2座(区级)。出厂水水质合格率呈上升趋势(χ2=31.82,P<0.01)。出厂水水质以有机物污染为主,在出厂水总不合格项次中氨氮占44.61%、耗氧量占31.99%。使用相同原水,经深度处理工艺后氨氮、耗氧量的浓度低于常规制水工艺(t氨氮=4.529,P氨氮<0.01;t耗氧量=8.321,P耗氧量<0.01)。[结论]水源水质质量和制水工艺是影响水质的关键因素,扩大斜塘江原水的供应范围,全面使用深度处理制水工艺,对提高松江区水质质量有重要意义。

[ Objective ] To study the quality trend of water from water plants in Songjiang District, Shanghai by analyzing the monitoring data, and to provide scientific basis for developing water supply planning and supervision. [ Methods ] The selected water plants＇ monitoring data of raw water and finished water from 2006 to 2012 were collected to analyze the qualified rate of finished water and the distribution of unqualified indices. The effects of raw water and water preparation process on the quality of finished water were also analyzed. [ Results ] From 2006 to 2012, 10 water plants （town level） with conventional water treatment process were closed, while the number of water plants with advanced water treatment technology increased by 2 （district level）. An uptrend was shown in the qualified rates of the finished water samples （~=31.82, P〈0.01）. Organic pollutants was the main pollution in the finished water, and ammonia nitrogen （NH3-N） accounted for 44.61% in total unqualified items and chemical oxygen demand （COD） accounted for 31.99%. Applying advanced treatment, the concentrations of NH3-N and COD of the same raw water were significantly lower than those using conventional treatment technology （tNH3-N=4.53, PNH3-N〈 0.01; tCOD=8.32, PCOD 〈 0.01）. [ Conclusion ] Raw water quality and preparation process are key factors of the quality of finished water. Expanding raw water supply scope of Xietang River and promoting application of advanced treatment process are strongly advocated to improve the finished water quality in Songjiang District.