西方文论关键词 生成

On Becoming

在德勒兹(和瓜塔里)的哲学思想和文学批评中,生成是非常重要的概念。但对中国学界而言,生成、生成女人、生成动物这几个概念颇为晦涩难懂,本文意在对它们进行详细阐释和界定。生成是不断生成差异,它不以任何存在为基础,没有起源,也没有特定目标或最终状态,而是始终处于中间。生成不是模仿或认同,不是获得事物的形式,而是让要生成之物和被生成之物发射出微粒,并让它们具有同样的动静、快慢关系,从而具有同样的感受。生成是要增强生命的力量,将生命的所能最大化。生成女人是瓦解男/女二元对立,让人逃离父权制权力结构和以男人为标准的主导价值。生成动物是解域人/动物的二元对立,让人逃离"人之形象"对人的一切规定,将人类文化解码。

In Deleuze(and Guattari)'s philosophical thoughts and literary criticism,becoming is a concept of great importance.However,for Chinese academics,becoming,becoming-woman,and becoming-animal are very difficult to understand.This paper will explain these important concepts in a detailed way.Becoming is continuously becoming-different,which is not based on any being,with neither origin nor specific end,but is always in the middle.Becoming is not imitation or identification,not to assume a molar form,but make what becomes and what it becomes emit flows of particles,and make them assume the same relation of movement and rest,speediness and slowness,thus making them have the same affects.Becoming is to enhance man's life power,and maximize life's potentialities.Becoming-woman deconstructs the binary opposition between male and female,undoes gender codes,and is a passage away from patriarchal power structure and the dominant values of maleness;becoming-animal deconstructs the binary opposition between man and animal,freeing man from the constraints imposed by 'the image of Man',and scrambling the cultural codes abided by human beings.