1Sacvan Bercovitch, The Office of The Scarlet Letter, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991, p. xxii.
2Julian Smith, "Hester, Sweet Hester Prynne--The Scarlet letter, in the Movie Market Place", in Literature~Film Quarterly, 2 (1974), p. 108.
3Mark Axelrod, "Once Upon a Time in Hollywood ; or, The Commodiflcation of Form in the Adaptation of Fictional Texts to the Hollywood Cinema", in Literature/Film Quarterly, 24. 2 ( 1996), p. 204.
4Brenda Wineapple, "Introduction", Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter, New York: Signet, 1999, p. xxi.
5Jean Normand, Nathaniel Hawthorne : An Approach to an Analysis of Artistic Creation, trans. Derek Cotman, Cleveland, OH: Case Western Reserve University Press, 1970, p. 311.
7Quotedin Jay B. Hubbell, Who Are the Major American Writers? A Study of the Changing Literary Canon, Durham, N.C. : Duke University Press, 1972, p. 170.
8Quoted in Laurence Raw, Adapting Nathaniel Hawthorne to the Screen, Lanham : The Scarecrow Press, 2008, p. xvi.
9Mordaunt Hall, "Review of The Scarlet Letter, directed by Victor Seastrom", in New York Times, Aug. 10, 1926, p. 2.
10Lee Grieveson, Policing Cinema-Movies and Censorship in Early-Twentieth-Century America, Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004, p. 14.
2Foucault,Michel.Power/Knowledge:Select Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977.Penguin,1984.
3[德]莱辛.拉奥孔[M].朱光潜,译.北京:人民文学出版社,1982.
4Lefebvre,Henri.The Production of Space.Blackwell,1991.
5[美]约瑟夫·弗兰克.现代小说中的空间形式[C].秦林芳,编译.北京:北京大学出版社,1991.
6Nathaniel Hawthorne.The Scarlet Letter,eds.,William Charvat and others Columbus:Ohio State UP,1983.
7Colacurcio,M.J.ed New Essays on The Scarlet Letter.1944.
8Friedman,S.S.Spatial Poetics and Arundhati Roy's The God of Small Things.in James Phelan & Peter.J.Rabinowitz.eds.A Companion to Narratire Theory.Malden,M A:Blackwell,2005.
