管制性征收主导判断规则的形成——对美国联邦最高法院典型判例的评介

Formation of Judgment Rule Dominated by Regulatory Takings——Review of American Federal Supreme Court’s Typical Case

管制性征收制度肇始于美国,通过梳理联邦最高法院关于管制性征收的典型判例可以发现,以"价值减损程度"为核心的两要素标准,结合特定事实审查,已成为判断管制性征收的主导性标尺。管制行为导致相对人合法权益受损的问题在我国也已大量出现,从美国私人财产权保护运作中汲取有益因素,可以对解决中国的征收问题有所启发。

The regulatory takings system started in America. Through combing Federal Supreme Court＇s typical cases on regulatory takings, it can be found that the mode combining two elements standard with ‘valueimpairment degree＇ as its core with specific facts review becomes the dominant criterion of judging regulatory takings. The damage of counterparts＇ lawful rights and interests caused by regulatory actions emerges a lot inChina. Drawing beneficial factors from America＇s protective operation of private property rights can provide some enlightenment for solving China＇s expropriation problems.