迪化公务员消费合作社的创建与演变:盛世才关于整饬吏治的尝试

The Establishment and Changes of the Dihua Civil Servants' Consumptive Cooperative:An Attempt by Sheng Shicai to Discipline Offcials

迪化公务员消费合作社是盛世才基于稳定公务员生活,巩固政权的综合考虑而创建的。它的17年演变历程大致可以分为三个阶段:即初具雏形,迅速发展与艰难维持,并在各个阶段呈现形态各异的特征。前期因北疆内乱初定,人力、财力有限,规模简单,各项规章制度多不完备;中期政府财力充实与社内管理有方,规章及配售日趋完善,且增加生产业务;后期则因自身局限性及新疆形势变化的影响,致使其配售受限,经费枯竭,难以维系。但迪社以其示范效应造福了公教人员,在一定程度上抑制了物价,澄清了吏治,进而有助于新疆各方面的建设。

Sheng Shicai founded the Dihua Civil Servants＇ Consumptive Cooperative to stabilize their lives and consolidate his power. The seventeen-year history of the Cooperative can be divided into three stages： the initial form, the rapid deployment and the struggling operation. In the initial period, its scale was small and regulations were incomplete because the internal strife was suppressed not long after in North Xinjiang, the manpower was in great need and the finance was limited. As the finance became strong, regulations were improved, the distribution became regular and production tasks were included, the Cooperative developed rapidly. In the later stage, the limitations of the organ and the changes of the situations in Xinjiang led to the restrictions of the distribution and the exhaustion of its expenses. The Dihua Civil Servants＇ Consumptive Cooperative was forced to struggle to survive. However the Cooperative helped benefit the local civil servants, curb the rise of the prices to some degree and discipline the servants, which was conducive to the development of Xinjiang.