2005年四川省大池村土源性线虫感染现况和影响因素调查

Cross-sectional study on soil-transmitted helminth infection and its risk factors in Dachi Village, Sichuan Province in 2005

目的了解四川省长宁县三元乡大池村土源性线虫感染的现状及其影响因素。方法2005年．在大池村采集2周岁以上常住居民和居住满一年外来人口的粪便，采用改良加藤厚涂片法（一粪两检）检查蛔虫、鞭虫和钩虫卵，阳性者计数每克粪虫卵数并分级。同时对受检居民进行问卷调查。使用卡方检验对居民的三种土源性线虫感染情况与其生活生产方式进行汇总分析。结果当地473名居民的土源性线虫感染率为64．5％（305／473）．其中蛔虫、钩虫和鞭虫的感染率分别为31．5％（149／473）、48．4％（229／473）和8．5％（40／473）。土源性线虫感染者以轻度为主。经卡方检验，致感染的影响因素共6项（P均〈0．05）．分别是：每年接触农田时间〉3个月，饭前偶尔洗手或不洗手，厕所类型为人畜共用旱厕，缺乏粪便无害化处理设施．生活用水为池塘水．缺乏寄生虫病防治常识。结论当地居民土源性线虫感染率较高，部分不良生活习惯和落后生产方式是感染钩虫的主要危险因素。

Objective To investigate the soil-transmitted helminth infection status in Dachi Village, Sanyuan Township, Sichuan Province and analyze its risk factors. Methods The stool samples of the residents in Dachi Village were collected and examined for Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworm with modified Kato-Katz thick smear ＂one stool specimen-two slides＂ in year 2005, counting eggs per gram and grading for smear-positive patients. Meanwhile questionnaire survey was carried out for same residents. The chi-square test was used to summarize and analyze the infection rate with questionnaire content. Results The infection rates of Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, hookworm and total three soil-transmitted helminth were 31.5% （149/473）, 8.5% （40/473）, 48.4% （299/473） and 64.5% （305/473）. Most of the infection grades were mild. The risk factors with statistical difference by chi-square test were as follows （all P〈0.05）： contact field more than 3 months per year, occasionally or never wash hands before eating, the latrine type is pit toilet for both human and stocks; lack of feces harmless treatment, source of water being nature pond water, lack of common sense of parasitic diseases. Conclusion The infection rate of soil-transmitted helminth at Dachi Village is high. Some unhealthy living habits and backward production mode are the main risk factors.