眼部、嘴部信息削弱对自闭症儿童表情识别的影响

The Effect of the Weakening Information from the Eyesand the Mouth on the Recognition of FacialExpressions of Children with Autism

本研究采用两因素重复测量实验设计,探究12-16岁自闭症儿童在眼部信息削弱、嘴部信息削弱、无削弱情况下对高兴、悲伤、愤怒、恐惧四种面孔表情图片的识别特点。研究结果表明:(1)无削弱情况下,12-16岁自闭症儿童对高兴、悲伤的表情识别能力较强,识别率达到0.9以上,对愤怒和恐惧的识别较差,愤怒的识别率为0.69,恐惧的识别率为0.59;(2)眼部信息削弱降低了自闭症儿童对高兴、悲伤、愤怒的识别率,对恐惧表情识别率无显著影响,嘴部信息削弱降低了自闭症儿童对四种表情的识别率;(3)在高兴和悲伤表情上眼部信息削弱和嘴部信息削弱对识别率产生的影响是一致的,在愤怒和恐惧表情上嘴部信息削弱对识别率影响大于眼部削弱。

This study, by testing autistic children aged between 12 and 16 through two-factor repeated mea- surement, aims to explore autistic children＇s recognition of pictures involving happy, sad, angry and fearful ex- pressions in the state of eye information weakening, or mouth information weakening （or no weakening）. The re- suits show the following： （1） Without information weakening, the autistic children aged between 12 and 16 show a strong ability in their recognition of happy and sad expressiom, but a weak ability in their recognition of an4gly and fearful expressions; （2） their eye information weakening lowers their ability in recognition of happy, sad and angry expressions, but has no significant effect on their ability in recognition of fearful expressions; their mouth information weakening lowers their ability in recognition of the four types of expressions; （3） their eye information weakening and mouth information weakening have an identical effect on their ability in recognition of happy and sad expressions, but their mouth information weakening has a stronger effect than their eye information weakening on their ability in recognition of angry and fearful expressions.