幼儿同伴侵害与社会能力、问题行为的关系

The Peer Victimization of Preschool Children andIts Relation to Social Competence and Adjustment

使用教师评定法对279名3-5岁儿童进行研究,探讨幼儿同伴侵害现象及其与社会能力、适应问题的关系。结果发现:幼儿中存在身体侵害和关系侵害现象,部分儿童同时受身体和关系两种形式的侵害,身体侵害的稳定性随年龄增长而变化;与不受侵害的儿童相比,受侵害儿童的外化问题明显偏多;问题行为在儿童社会能力和半年后身体侵害之间起到完全中介作用,而在儿童社会能力和半年后关系侵害之间起到部分中介作用。

This study, by surveying 279 children aged between 3 and 5 through teachers＇ assessment, aims to explore preschool children＇s peer victimization and its relation to their social competence and adaptation. The results show the following： peer victimization falls into physical and relational victimization at preschools; a cer- tain number of preschool children are faced with both of the peer victimizations; physical victimization varies with age in its stability; compared with those facing no peer victimization, those facing peer victimization show signifi- cantly more external problems; problem behavior completely mediates between the children＇s social competence and their physical victimization after 6 months, and partly mediates between their social competence and their re- lational victimization after 6 months.