作为一种“研究方式”的民族教育田野研究——基于教育研究方法论层面的思考

National Education Field Research on a "Research Way" Basis——Based on the Educational Research Methodology WU Hong-liang

基于民族教育学"跨学科"的综合属性,对作为一种"研究方式"的民族教育田野研究给予方法论层面的思考。首先从本体论层面厘清民族教育"研究方法"与"研究方式"的区别,把以田野调查为主要方法的"跨学科"方法体系命名为"民族教育田野研究方式",进而从认识论层面超越"经验主义"与"理性主义"的两极对立,以马克思主义认识论统一民族教育田野研究方式"两个着力点",进一步从价值论层面突破"主客二分"的传统思维方式,剖析了民族教育"客体主体化"现象对田野研究方式的投射,最后通过辨析"多学科"研究与"跨学科"研究之别,论证了民族教育田野研究方式不仅规避了"方法中心倾向"的局限,而且进一步确证了民族教育学学科的"合法性"。

Based on the ＂interdisciplinary＂ attribute of national pedagogy, we will analyze as a ＂research method＂ of the national education field research from the perspective of methodological thinking. To begin with, we will clarify the difference between research techniques and research method in national education field re- search in terms of ontology, then with field research as a main method, interdisciplinary methodology is named national educational field research method so as to be beyond polar opposites between ＂empiricism ＂ and ＂ ratio- nalism ＂at the epistemological level. With the help of the Marxist theory of knowledge, two points＇of the na- tional educational field research will be unified. Thereby in axiological terms, we make a breakthrough on the ＂subject object dichotomy＂ which exists in our traditional way of thinking, and then we analyze the projection of national education ＂Objective subjectification＂ phenomenon on field research method. Finally, through discrimi- nation of multidisciplinary research and interdisciplinary study, we reach a conclusion that not only does national education field research circumvent the limitations of ＂the method of central tendency ＂, but also it further con- firms the＂ legitimacy ＂of the national pedagogy.