1Arroyo V, Gin,s P, Gerbes AL, et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria of refractory ascites and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis. International Ascites Club. Hepatology, 1996, 23: 164-176.
2Runyon BA, Practice Guidelines Committee,American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD).Management of adult patients with ascites due to cirrhosis. Hepatology, 2004, 39: 841-856.
3Salerno F, Gerbes A,Gines P, et al. Diagnosis,prevention and treatment of hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis. Gut, 2007, 56: 1310- 1318.
4Runyon BA, AASLD Practice Guidelines Committee. Management of adult patients with ascites due to cirrhosis: an update. Hepatology, 2009, 49: 2087-2107.
5European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL clinical prac- tice guidelines on the management of ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis. J Hepatol, 2010, 53: 397-417.
6Sanyal A J, Boyer T, Garcia-Tsao G, et al. A randomized, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of terlipressin for type 1 hepatorenal syndrome. Gastroenterology, 2008, 134:1360-1368.
7Wong F, Pantea L, Sniderman K. Midodrine, octreotide, albumin, and TIPS in selected patients with cirrhosis and type 1 hepatorenal syndrome. Hepatology, 2004, 40: 55-64.
8Brensing KA, Textor J, Perz J, et al. Long term outcome after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt in non-transplant cirrhotics with hepatorenal syndrome: a phase II study. Gut, 2000, 47: 288-295.
9Testino G, Ferro C, Sumberaz A, et al. Type-2 hepatorenal syndrome and refractory ascites:role of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt in eighteen patients with advanced cirrhosis awaiting orthotopic liver transplantation. Hepatogastroenterology, 2003, 50: 1753-1755.
10Mitzner SR, Stange J, Klammt S, et al. Improvement of hepatorenal syndrome with extracorporeal albumin dialysis MARS:results of a prospective,randomized, controlled clinical trial. Liver Transpl, 2000, 6: 277-286.