三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)珍珠钙代谢的周年性变化研究

ANNUAL FLUCTUATION OF CALCIUM METABOLISM IN HYRIOPSIS CUMINGII

采用生态调查和生理生化方法,对植片后的1龄三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)进行了为期一年的调查研究,拟探讨珍珠形成和钙代谢的相关性。定期测定珍珠囊和珍珠的重量、直径及水温,同时取其鳃、围心腔和外套膜组织进行酸、碱性磷酸酶活性检测及钙含量等测定。结果表明,1龄植片后的三角帆其蚌珍珠囊和珍珠在一周年之中出现三次快速生长期。外套膜中的酸、碱性磷酸酶均在165d时升至最高。鳃组织中钙含量显著高于围心腔和外套膜。经Pearson相关分析显示,珍珠囊和珍珠的重量、直径分别与三种组织中的碱性磷酸酶活性及外套膜中的钙含量呈显著性正相关(P<0.05);同时,外套膜中的钙含量与三种组织中的碱性磷酸酶呈显著性正相关(P<0.05);水温与外套膜、围心腔中的钙含量呈显著性负相关(P<0.05),与三种组织中的酸性磷酸酶呈显著性正相关(P<0.05)。提示:鳃是三角帆蚌钙吸收、贮存和钙调节的重要器官,形成珍珠的钙一部分来源于循环系统,另一部分可由外套膜直接从环境中吸收,碱性磷酸酶对珍珠生长起着重要的调节作用。

Post-implantation Hyriopsis cumingii were investigated for one year to study on the relationship between calcium metabolism and pearl centered using the methods of ecological investigation and Physiology and Biochemistry. The values of the weights and diameters for pearls capsule and pearls, while, water temperature, calcium contents and spe- cific activities of ACP and AKP in gills, mantles and pericardial were measured every 15 days. The results showed that the growth of weight and diameter has three fast growing stages. The specific activity of ACP and AKP in mantles and reached the peak at the day 165. The contents of calcium in gills were much higher than in mantles and pericardial cavity. After Pearson correlative analysis, the results showed that the weight and diameter of pearls capsule and pearls significantly correlated positively with the specific activity of AKP in gills, mantles and pericardial cavity and the calcium contents in pericardial cavity respectively （P〈0.05, respectively）, while the calcium contents in pericardial cavity significantly corre- lated positively with the specific activity of AKP in gills, mantles and pericardial cavity （P〈0.05, respectively）. Water temperature significantly correlated negatively with the calcium contents of mantles and pericardial cavity, and signifi- cantly correlated positively with the specific activity of ACP in the three tissues. In conclusion, gill of in 11. cumingii may be as a important organ for calcium absorption, store and regulation, calcium in mantles for pearl centered are from its organisms via its circulating system and absorption by mantles directly from its living environment, moreover, the AKP activity affect the calcium content in mantle, these may affect the growth of pearls.