探讨性与天道——《郭店儒简》的作者归属及其思想辨析

A Discussion on Human Nature and Tian Dao(Way of Heaven)-the Actual Author of Guodian Bamboo Slips on Confucianism and Its Philosophical Analysis

《郭店楚墓竹简》出土并整理发表以后,为学术界补写或改写先秦思想史提供了极为珍贵的思想资料。但学界对其中的儒家竹简(简称《郭店儒简》)分歧尤大。《郭店儒简》应定编为十一篇,可认定为子思学派之作,应命名为《郭店楚墓竹简·子思子》。其思想主旨是阐述了先秦儒家关于性与天道、王道与德治的思想主张,上承孔子的"德治"主义,下启孟子的"性善"论与"仁政"说,在中国思想史上起了从孔子过渡到孟子的桥梁作用。

The finding and release of the Guodian Bamboo Slips found in a tomb dated back in Chu Dy- nasty has provided precious material evidence to help analyze the history on the development of philosophy of the Pre-Qin period, which will either update or revise the current knowledge in its related academic field. However, there have been huge discrepancies over the part that deals with the Confucian develop- ment. The author of this article believes there should be 11 chapters in the bamboo slips, and they belong to the school of Zisi, therefore, perhaps it can be better named as Guodian Bamboo Slips of Zisi School of thoughts, with its main philosophical understanding of the relationships between human nature and way of Heaven, as well as way of Heaven and Ruling with Virtues during the Pre-Qin period. It inherits the doc- trine of ＂Ruling with Virtunes＇by Confucius, and starts the development in the belief of human kindness and governance with virtues promoted by Mengzi, which sets up a bridge to connect between Confucius and Mengzi in the history of Chinese philosophy.