施用生物炭对烟叶石油醚提取物及致香物质的影响

Effects of Biochar Application on Petroleum Ether Extract and Aroma Constituent of Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves

在许昌设置田间小区试验,研究了不同生物炭用量对烟叶石油醚提取物及致香物质的影响。结果表明:施用生物炭可以提高烟叶中叶绿素含量。在烟株生长中后期,叶绿素含量差异显著,施用生物炭量最多的处理(1500 kg/hm2)叶绿素含量最高。在移栽90 d时,随着生物炭用量的增加,叶绿素含量呈现递增的趋势;当施用750 kg/hm2生物炭时,相比于常规施肥,石油醚提取物含量增加了12%,中性致香物质总量最高,施用1125 kg/hm2的处理次之。施用生物炭用量750～1125 kg/hm2时,可以延长烟叶的成熟期,烟叶内在物质转化充分,利于烟叶品质的形成。

A field plot experiment was carried out in Xuchang to study the effects of various biochar application rates on the petroleum ether extract as well as aroma constituent of flue - cured tobacco leaves. The results indicated that biochar application could increase the chlorophyll content of tobacco leaves. There was a significant difference in leaf chlorophyll content at the middle and late stages of tobacco growth among different treatments, and the chlorophyll content reached the highest value in the treatment of applying the most （1500 kg/hm2） biochar. Meanwhile, 90 days after transplanting, the chlorophyll content had an increasing trend with the increase of biochar application rate. In comparison with the conventional fertilization, applying 750 kg/hm2 bioehar increased petroleum ether extract content by 12% , and enhanced the total content of neutral aroma constituents to its maximum, which was followed by applying 1125 kg/hm2 biochar. The application of 750 ~ 1125 kg/hm2 biochar could extend the mature period of tobacco leaves, make the intrinsic materials of tobacco leaves transform fully, and was advantageous to quality formation of flue - cured tobacco leaves.