呼吸系统感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria of respiratory infection

目的了解厦门大学附属第一医院呼吸系统感染病原菌分布及耐药情况,为临床用药提供依据。方法回顾性分析厦门大学附属第一医院2011年1～12月痰培养分离的841株病原菌,在自动微生物分析仪上鉴定并进行药敏试验。结果检出致病菌中革兰阴性菌占62.9%,真菌23.3%,革兰阳性菌占13.8%。主要病原菌分布:白色念珠菌20.9%、铜绿假单胞菌17.6%、肺炎克雷伯菌肺炎亚种17.1%、大肠埃希菌9.5%、金黄色葡萄球菌8.3%。结论呼吸系统感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,对常用抗菌药物耐药严重,应加强对呼吸系统感染病原菌的耐药性监测,指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。

Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing respiratory in- fection in order to provide clinical evidence for rational use of antimicrobia[ agents. Methods From Jan. to Dec. 2011, 841 isolated pathogens of sputum samples were identified and detected for drug sensitivity. Results Among detected pathogens, Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 62.9%, fungi for 23.3 % and Gram-positive bacteria for 13.8%. The main distribution of pathogenic bacteria were Candida albicans of 20.9 %, Pseudomonas aeruginosa of 17.6 %, Klebsiella pseudomoniae subspecies of 17. 1~, Escherichia coli of 9. 5%, Staphylococcus aureus of 8. 3~. Conclusion The Gram-negative bacillus could be the most common bateria in all pathogenic bacteria in respiratory system infection, and the drug resistance could be extremely severe. Drug resistance diction should be strengthened to guide rational use of antimicrobial agents.