22年情绪智力研究的现状、特点及趋势

The Current Status,Characteristics and Trends of Emotional Intelligence Research in the Past 22 Years

运用文献研究法,对情绪智力理论提出22年以来的国内外情绪智力文献进行系统研究,其中国际文献1582篇/部,中国文献1130篇(含港、澳、台),尝试从宏观的、大视角的学术角度出发,(1)对情绪智力研究文献的地域分布、时间分布、领域分布;分国际和国内两大部分进行比较研究,(2)总结情绪智力理论、实证和应用3大领域22年的研究特点,(3)分析今后情绪智力理论、实证和应用3大领域今后的研究发展趋势。

The purpose of the present study was to systematically analyze 2712 published articles, including 1582 articles from oversees and 1130 domestic articles. All of them were associated with emotional intelligence theory, since the theory was put forward 22 years ago. The literatures were chosen from two international psychology literature databases, which were PsycARTICLES, and PsycINFO, as well as three Chinese academic literature databases, including Chinese Journal Full - text Database （CJFD） , Chinese doctoral dissertations full - text database, and Chinese selected master theses full - text database. Three questions were answered by using the documentary research method. Firstly, the present study carried out comparisons in terms of the regional distribution, the temporal distribution, as well as the field distribution. As for the regional distribution, American researchers published the most literatures, European researchers came second, then came Asian researchers, Australian researchers, and African researchers. The temporal distribution of emotional intelligence showed a three - stage feature ： starting stage, flourishing stage, and deepening stage. Emotional intelligence research almost covered all areas in the field of psychology. There were apparently more literatures in the field of application research than in the fundamental research. Secondly, this study demonstrated the developmental characteristics of emotional intelligence research in theoretical, empirical, and application fields. Obvious disagreement in theoretical perspectives, abuse of theoretical concept and scientific study of theoretical research were three features of emotional intelligence research in theoretical field. For the feature of the development of measurement, it seems that there were many instruments developed by different researchers, and these tools raised lots of controversies. The experimental research methods of emotional intelligence are just starting and need to be deepened. The developmental characteristics of emotional intelligence research in application field underwent two phases, the fast spread with wide sensationalization in the early days, and the later phase of more scientific approach. Finally, the present study analyzed the trends of emotional intelligence research, pointing out that theoretical connotation research and theoretical confirmation research would be the top priority in the theoretical development of emotional intelligence theory. The potential value of empirical research, neuroscience, as well as the brain and cognitive sciences for the research of emotional intelligence is recognized.