杏棉间作系统田间配置对棉花冠层光辐射及产量的影响

Effect of Field Configuration on Photosynthetically Active Radiation of Cotton Canopy and Yield in Apricot-cotton Intercropping System

在杏棉间作系统内,研究不同田间配置条件下,棉花群体冠层光辐射特征及对产量的影响。结果表明,棉花单株叶面积随着株距增大而增大,群体叶面积指数(LAI)随着株距增大而减小。光合有效辐射及光截获率随着棉花冠层高度不同而不同,在棉花全生育期表现为冠层顶部>冠层上部>冠层下部;在棉花不同生育时期不同处理差异明显,在营养生长期间距1.85m、株距8cm的田间配置光合有效辐射及光截获率最大,生殖生长时,间距1.45m、株距10cm的田间配置的最大。毛地皮棉产量表现为株距10cm配置时最高,比株距12cm、8cm的分别高4.69%、19.96%;净地皮棉产量则表现为株距8cm配置时最高,比株距10cm、12cm分别高7.18%、30.91%。综合分析冠层结构及不同田间配置处理的棉花产量,认为在6a株行距配置为3m×6.5m的杏树行间,种植的棉花田间配置为间距1.45m、株距10cm的10行棉花时产量较为理想。

In the apricot-cotton intercropping, effect of different field configuration on change of PAR in cotton canopy and yield was explored. The results showed that the cotton leaf area per plant in- creased as plant spacing increased, groups of LAI decreased as plant spacing increased. PAR and light interception rate varied with height of the cotton canopy, listed as top of cotton canopy〉upper of cot- ton canopy〉lower of cotton canopy in the whole periods; PAR was significant difference in different treatments in different periods, and PAR of spacing of 1.85 m and plant spacing of 8 cm was the big- gest during the vegetative growth periods, however, PAR of spacing of 1.45 m and plant spacing of 10 cm was the biggest during the reproductive growth stage. Lint yield of gross plant in plant spacing of 10cm was the highest, 4.69% and 19.96% higher than that of plant spacing of 12 cm and 8cm respectively; lint yield of net plant in plant spacing of 8cm was the highest, 7.18%and 30.91% higher than that of plant spacing of 10 cm and 12 cm respectively. Comprehensive analysis of cotton canopy and yield indicated that the ideal field configuration of cotton was 10 lines of cotton with spacing of 1.45 m and plant spacing of 10 em for six-year apricot rowed by 3 m×6.5 m.