江西鄱阳湖地区鲈形目鱼类外寄生车轮虫的研究

Study on Ectoparasitic Trichodinids from Perciformes Fishes along the Area of Poyang Lake , Jiangxi Province

采用活体观察及干银法染色,运用国际间统一特定方法及齿体定位描述法对采自江西鄱阳湖地区淡水鲈形目(Per-ciformes)鱼类如大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)、乌鳢(Channa argus)、鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)等的外寄生车轮虫进行详细的形态学描述。本调查研究结果共计获得4种车轮虫和1种小车轮虫,它们分别是:易变车轮虫(Trichodina muta-bilis Kazubski&Migala,1968)、异齿车轮虫(Trichodina heterodentata Duncan,1977)、重寄生车轮虫(Trichodina hyper-parasitis Chen&Hsish,1984)、马丁车轮虫(Trichodina maritinkae Basson&Van As,1991)和纤细小车轮虫(Trichod-inella subtilis Lom&Haldar,1977)。该5种外寄生车轮虫均为中国鄱阳湖地区新记录,其中马丁车轮虫为中国大陆新记录。本文还进一步对鄱阳湖地区的鱼类寄主和外寄生车轮虫的感染情况进行了统计分析,结果表明该地区外寄生车轮虫的感染与寄主、寄生部位以及环境等因素有关,易变车轮虫对大口黑鲈具有潜在致病性。

By way of living observation and dry silver impregnation method, the detailed redescriptions of five trichodininds of fresh- waterlperciformes lfishes, Micropterus salmoides, Channa argus and Siniperca chuatsi, along the area of Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Province are given in the present paper following the w!despread acceptance of the uniform specific characteristics proposed by Lore （1958） and the description of dentiele elements recommended by Van As ＆ Basson （1989）. These five trichodinids are below： Trichodina mutabilis Kazubski ＆ Migala, 1968, Trichodina heterodentata Duncan, 1977, Trichodina hyperparasitis Chen ＆ Hsish, 1984 ,, TrichodineNa subtilis Lore ＆ Haldar, 1977, and Trichodina maritinkae Basson ＆ Van As, 1991. All of them are first records in Poyang Lake area, and among them, Trichodina maritinkae Basson ＆ Van As, 1991 is the first record in china. The pres- ent paper has further supplied statistical analysis about the infection case between the hosts and the trichodinid parasites in Poyang Lake area. The results show that the infection of ectoparasite trichodinid is related to such factors as the host, the parasite location, as well as environment in the area., Trichodi^a mutabitis might be potentially pathogenic of Micro#terus salmoides.