基于PLC的玉米播种机监测系统设计

The Work State Monitoring System of Corn Seeder Based on PLC

播种作业是农业生产的重要环节,播种过程中出现的种箱排空、开沟器堵塞、地轮打滑等现象会引起漏播,造成玉米减产。对播种机工作状态的精确检测是减少漏播现象发生的有效措施。设计的监测系统以三菱FX系列PLC为控制核心,采用霍尔传感器、电容式接近开关对拖拉机、地轮、勺盘的速度及种箱和开沟器等进行检测,以文本显示器作为人机对话工具,进行参数设定,并显示玉米播种数量、播种速度和当前滑移率。当出现滑移率过大、排种堵塞和种箱排空等故障时能及时报警。同时,根据控制要求设计了信号检测和数据处理的PLC硬件电路、梯形图以及文本显示器的控制页面。

Seeding is the very important process of agriculture production. However, sowing box emptying, coher boot blocked, the land wheel sliding and so on, may be appear in the seeding process, which can lead to miss-seeding. As a result, it will reduce the output of crops as well as increase the seeding workload. Monitoring the state of seeder pre- cisely is an effective measure to reduce miss-seeding. The test system adopted the PLC of Mitsubishi FX series as the controlling core. With the Hall sensor and the Capacitive proximity switch, we can test the working state of the tractor, the land wheel, the spoon speed, the sowing box and the coher boot. Meanwhile a text display is adopted as the tool of man-machine dialogue, by which parameters can be set. The text display can show the corn planting quantity, the see- ding speed, the current sliding rate. When a large sliding rate, coher boot blocked, sowing box emptying and so on appear, the system can alarm timely. According to the requirement of the control, the PLC hardware circuit of signal detection and data processing, ladder chart and text display control page have be designed.