意识的哲学理论史

History of Philosophical Theories of Consciousness

意识是哲学内部一个复杂且充满争议的议题,并总是以心身问题的形式广泛地呈现于西方哲学史中。当前,绝大多数哲学家已在如下方面取得共识:意识的核心问题在于理解主观性本身的性质与起源。然而,从古至今,几乎所有意识的哲学理论都没有摆脱突现论与泛心论之间的交织与争斗。未来的意识研究仍然亟待走出上述认识论上的两难境地。

In western history of philosophy, most philosophers reach a common view： the core of issue of consciousness lies in the understanding of nature and origin of subjectivity. However ever since the ancient times, almost all the philosophical theory concerning consciousness can not get rid of the entanglement and struggle between emergentism and panpsychism. Future study on consciousness is supposed to be out of the dilemma of the previous two theories.