辛亥革命时期的江皖大水与华洋义赈会

The Floods in Jiangsu and Anhui at the time of the Revolution of 1911 and the Central China Famine Relief Fund Committee (CCFRFC)

辛亥革命渐入高潮的1910至1911年,江、皖两省同时遭遇严重水灾。中外社会人士针对这场水灾而合作发起的华洋义赈会,在清政府、南京临时政府和袁世凯政府三方政权急剧转换的动荡时局中,始终专注于开展赈务,在一定程度上弥补了三个政权的赈灾投入都严重不足的状况,对此次水灾没有引发大规模社会风潮发挥了一定作用。因此,探讨这段历史,有助于进一步认识灾荒与辛亥革命的关系。正确把握这一时期华洋义赈会的发展脉络,既要同时顾及本土化和国际化两个维度,更要重视当时中国社会变迁进程所造就的特殊发展契机。

When the revolution of 1911 reached a high tide, both Jiangsu and Anhui were stricken by very serious floods. In response to these floods, the CCFRFC was founded and was based on Chinese and foreign unofficial cooperation. Under the state of political turmoil, the CCFRFC uninterrnptedly focused on the famine relief. To some extent, CCFRFC＇s work supplemented the central governments＇ serious shortage of relief, and helped to eliminate the great social unrest that this disaster caused. Therefore, a study of this period of history can enhance our understanding of the relation between famine and the Revolution of 1911. In addition, if we correctly grasp the main stream of development of CCFRFC, we must take into account both the dimensions of localization and internationalization, and more attention should be paid to the process of social change that was created by this unique development.