残障人体育社会支持系统的构建与应用

Study on Establishment and Application of Social Support System for Disabled Sports

残障人体育是促进自身全面发展,帮助残障人更好地融入社会的基本途径。运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法、实地调查法、实践法等,对影响残障人参与体育的因素进行分析。结果表明:影响残障人体育参与的主要因素有环境因素、诱导因素、效果因素、态度因素、动机因素、认知因素;并就影响残障人参与体育的主要因素提出构建相应的社会支持系统,认为政府是残障人体育参与支持系统的责任主体,应从法律、政策、舆论与服务4个方面给予支持引导;家庭和社区的支持要以家庭为依托,整合社区资源,共建社区支持网络;学校应以康复健身为基石,缺陷补偿与潜能开发并重,形成终身体育为己任;整合社会力量,提供人才支撑,促进体育服务社会化。

Disabled sports are the basic method to promote all-round development and help the disabled better integrate into the society. Through using the method of literature review, expert interview, ques- tionnaire,investigation at site and practice, by analyzing the factors influencing disabled participating in sports, this paper finds out that the major factors influencing disabled sports participation include environ- ment, inducement, attitude, motivation, recognition and effect, and constructs a comprehensive social sup- port system which is in need of government＇s lead. The system will promote the integration of disabled sports and normal sports, and boost the development of disabled sports. The government is the principal body of responsibility in the supporting system of disabled people participating in sports, which should of- fer support and guidance with law, policy, consensus and service. The family and community support should base on families, integrate the community resources, build the community support network. The school ought to build on recovery fitness, pay equal attention to defect compensation and potential development, form lifetime sports as our duty. To integrate social forces, provide personnel support and promote socialization of sports service.