颈动脉超声在前、后循环脑梗死患者的临床应用

Clinical application of carotid ultrasound in patients with anterior and posterior circulation infarct

目的通过对脑梗死患者颈总动脉、颈内动脉及无名动脉的超声比较,探讨颈动脉超声在脑梗死中的临床应用。方法对已明确的69例前循环梗死患者、58例后循环梗死患者以及30例年龄相仿的无脑卒中的患者分别进行超声检测,比较三组患者动脉硬化斑块的位置、病变程度。结果两组脑梗死患者的颈动脉硬化程度较无梗死的患者有明显加重趋势(P<0.01);前循环梗死组与后循环梗死组动脉硬化斑块的发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);前循环梗死组与后循环梗死组患者颈动脉、无名动脉狭窄的严重程度构成比差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论颈动脉硬化的严重程度与脑梗死的关系密切,颈动脉超声是发现脑梗死危险因素的重要辅助检查;但尚不能发现前、后循环脑梗死患者颈动脉、无名动脉硬化的差异。

Objective To observe the diagnosis value of carotid ultrasound in patients with anterior and posteri- or circulation infarct by comparing the arteria carotis communis,internal carotid, and innominate artery in the ultra- sound of patients with cerebral infarction. Methods 69 patients with anterior circulation infarct,58 patients with pos- terior circulation infarct and 30 cases without circulation infarct were tested by ultrasound,respectively. Then,the po- sitions and the pathological damage of the atherosclerotic plaques in the 3 groups were compared. Results Carotid atheroselerosis of the patients with cerebral infarction was more serious than that of the patients without cerebral in- farction（ P 〈0.01）, and there was no statistical significance in the comparison of patients with posterior circulation infarct and those with anterior circulation（ P 〉0.05）. In addition, the severity of composition of carotid artery and innominate artery in patients with posterior circulation infarct and anterior circulation infarct were not significant dif- ferent（ P 〉0.05）. Conclusion Carotid atherosclerosis was closely related with cerebral infarction. Carotid artery ul- trasound is an important supplementary examination to discover the risk factors of cerebral infarction. However, difference between carotid artery and innominate artery in patients with posterior circulation infarct and anterior circu- lation infarct can not be found yet.