睾丸免疫调控机制的研究进展

Updated immunoregulation mechanism of the testis

睾丸属于免疫豁免器官,使生精细胞免受自身免疫系统攻击,保证正常的生殖功能。尽管如此,在感染及炎症环境中,睾丸本身的免疫自稳可能会受到破坏而发生自身免疫反应,甚至会因此导致不育。已证实睾丸的免疫调控是一个多因素参与的复杂体系,深入研究睾丸炎调控机制以及寻求新的治疗靶点有重要意义。目前认为睾丸的免疫调控与血-睾屏障、支持细胞、睾丸间质多种免疫细胞、细胞因子及雄激素等有关。

The testis is an immune privileged organ where germ ceils are protected from autoimmune attack to ensure its reproductive function. Immune tolerance is important for the normal development and function of the testis. Notwithstanding its immune-privileged status, the misbalance between the tolerogenic and the efferent limb of the testicular immune response may lead to autoimmune damage in inflammatory or infected circumstances. Testicular immune regulation is a complex system involving multiple factors and the study of the regulation mechanisms of the testis is of great significance for access to new therapeutic targets. Currently, testicular immunoregulation is thought to be related with blood-testis barrier, Sertoli cells, immune cells, cytokines and androgen.