不同景观斑块结构对茶园节肢动物多样性的影响

Effects of different landscape patch structure on the diversity of arthropod community in tea plantations.

以小区随机样方的田间调查方式,研究了茶园不同景观斑块环境对茶园节肢动物群落的影响.结果表明:小乔木斑块茶园(QM)与台湾相思树斑块茶园(XS)中蜘蛛类占节肢动物的比例最高,分别达到62.3%和69.5%,显著高于稻田斑块茶园(DT)和人居生活区斑块茶园(RJ)(P<0.05).QM的节肢动物多样性和丰富度指数最高,均匀度指数、优势度指数与其他斑块茶园间差异不显著(P>0.05).QM与XS的天敌资源较丰富,多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数的大小顺序为QM>XS>DT>RJ.表明景观斑块结构对茶园节肢动物群落结构和多样性有较大影响.

A field survey with random block design was conducted to study the effects of different landscape patch structure on the arthropod community in tea plantations. In the tea plantations with small woodland （QM） or Acacia confuse （XS） patches, predatory spider had the highest propor- tion, occupying 62.3% and 69.5% of the total arthropods, respectively, being significantly higher than that in the tea plantations close to paddy field （DT） or near a village （RJ）. The tea planta- tions with QM had the highest diversity index and species richness of arthropod community, while the evenness index and dominance index were not significantly different from the other tea planta- tions. The tea plantations with QM and XS had much richer natural enemies, and the order of the diversity index, evenness index, and richness index of natural enemies in the tea plantations ranked as QM〉XS〉DT〉RJ. It was suggested that landscape patch structure had great effect on the diversity of arthropod community in tea plantations.