抑郁症患者表象旋转信息加工系统的老年化研究

Effect of aging on information processing of representation rotating in patients with major depressive disorder

目的探讨年龄因素对抑郁症患者表象旋转信息加工的脑电生理机制的影响。方法选择中国人民解放军第三医院自2011年1月至11月住院部和门诊收治的27例抑郁症患者，按不同年龄段将其分成2组，青年组14例，老年组13例；同时选择该院无精神系统疾病工作人员等26名（青年组13名，老年组13名）作为对照，测定2组成员心理旋转任务的事件相关电位中P500潜伏期、波幅及错误率、反应时。结果（1）与相应年龄对照组相比，抑郁症青年组和老年组错误率正像升高，镜像降低，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；反应时正镜像均延迟，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。（2）与相应年龄对照组相比，抑郁青年组和老年组P500波幅正像均降低，镜像均升高，差异有统计学意义（氏0．05）。P500潜伏期抑郁青年组正镜像均延迟，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；抑郁老年组P500潜伏期正镜像差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。（3）与健康青年组相比，健康老年组错误率升高，反应时延长，P500波幅降低，潜伏期延迟，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。与抑郁青年组比较，抑郁老年组错误率、反应时、P500波幅、潜伏期差异均无统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论抑郁症患者表象旋转信息加工处理过程受损，且年龄效应消失，其中青年受损程度大于老年患者。提示大脑神经系统的老年化在一定程度上能对表象旋转信息加工系统起保护作用。

Objective To explore the effect of aging on the brain electrophysiological mechanism of information processing of representation rotating in patients with depressive disorder. Methods Twenty-seven patients with depressive disorders, admitted to our hospital from November 2011 and March 2011, were chosen in our study and they were divided into young-aged group （n=14） and old-aged group （n=13）; and other 26 normal healthy participants （13 in young-aged group and 13 in old-aged group） were also chosen; they were performed the mental rotation tasks; the latency and amplitude of P500, and the wrong number and the response time by event-related potentials （ERP） system were measured. Results As compared with the control group, the patients in the young and old-aged patient group had higher error rates in normal and in lower error rates in mirror （P〈0.05）, and longer reaction times in normal and longer reaction times in mirror （P〈0.05）. As compared with the control group, the patients in the young and old-aged patient group had lower P500 amplitude in normal and higher P500 amplitude in mirror （P〈0.05）; the P500 latency in the young-aged patient group was longer than that in the old-age patient group （P〈0.05）. As compared with the young-aged control group, the error rates in the old-age control group were higher （P〈0.05）, the reaction times were longer （P〈0.05）, the P500 amplitude was lower （P〈0.05）, and P500 latency was longer in the old-aged control group（P〈0.05）; nosignificant difference was found on the error rates, reaction times, P500 amplitude and latency in the old-aged patients group （P〉0.05）. Conclusion The information processing of representation rotating is impaired in patients with depressive disorder, and its aging effect disappears; the young-aged patients has a greater extent of damage than the elderly patients; it is suggested that the aging brain nerve system in a certain degree can protect the system on information processing of representation rotating.