小秦岭地区构造控矿作用分析

An analysis of structural ore-controlling role in Xiaoqingling area

小秦岭金矿集中区以隆升幅度大、剥蚀程度深、构造活动强烈、构造形迹清楚、矿床分布集中而著称。本文论述了研究区从早到晚,经历了塑性流变褶皱→区域东西向主体褶皱→南北向横跨叠加褶皱→垂向隆升的横弯褶皱等4期褶皱作用,以及塑性流变→脆韧性压扭性→韧脆性张扭性→隆升造成的脆性正向拆离滑脱等4期剪切作用。主期脆韧性剪切作用发育于主体褶皱翼部的薄弱构造带。由于第三期的韧脆性剪切作用的改造为燕山期含矿流体的大规模贯入和成矿提供了良好的容矿条件。研究认为,成矿流体主要来自深源,通过地幔热柱多级演化,贯入到韧脆性剪切带中积聚成矿,而且矿区往往存在着一两条主要矿脉却控制着矿区50%以上的金属储量。

The Xiaoqinling gold ore concentration area is known for its great uplift amplitude, high denudation extent, intense tectonic movement, clear structural features and concentrated distribution of ore deposits. The study area experienced four periods of folding, comprising from early to late plastic flow folding＋regional EW- trending main folding →NS-trending crossing superimposed folds→transverse folding of vertical uplift, and was subjected to four periods of shearing, in order of plastic flowing →britde ductile transpression→ductile brittle tenso-shearing→brittle forward detachment caused by uplift. The main stage brittle-ductile shearing was developed in the main limb of the weak tectonic belt. The third phase ductile-brittle shearing process of Yanshanian period provided favorable ore-hosting conditions for the large-scale injection of ore-forming fluids and mineralization. Researches show that the ore-forming fluids were mainly derived from the depth and, through the multistage evolution of mantle plume, injected into the ductile shear zone to form ore deposits via accumulation. In the ore district, there often exist one or two main ore veins which control more than 50% of metallic reserves.