问题呈现方式对小学生算术应用题表征的影响

The Influence of Problem Presentation Methods on Representation of Mathematical Word Problems

准确的问题表征是解决问题的必要前提,小学生能成功解答应用题的关键在于形成正确的表征。通过三种不同的问题呈现方式即文字描述、装饰图和信息图,探讨了不同的外部表征条件对小学生解答应用题的影响,结果发现:问题呈现方式对解题成绩有显著影响,两个年级的学生解答文字描述题和装饰图题的成绩差异显著;不同的问题呈现方式与表征策略的选择存在差异,学生在不同的外部表征条件下会选择适宜的表征策略。

Accurate presentation of problem is a necessary prerequisite to solve the problem,so whether pupils in primary schools can succeed in doing mathematical word problem lies in the formation of representation in a right way.This paper makes an initial discussion on the influence of different exterior presentations on students＇ performances on mathematical word problems.The result shows that the presentation of problem has significant influence on results.Students would choose appropriate representative strategies under different exterior presentations because different presentations of problems correspond to different choices of representative strategies.When students solve descriptive by words and decorative problems,the results from them at different grades have significant difference.