兵制对北宋国防开支及军事实力的影响

The Influence of Military System on National Defense Expenditure and Military Power in the Northern Song Dynasty

北宋实行募兵制,军队在整体组织结构上推行禁、厢军互补制度。这一制度在北宋中后期蜕变而渐失活力、日益僵化,致使募兵制变为募兵终身制,厢军职能亦随之发生异化,二者共同导致军队规模与军费开支不断膨胀。史实证明,互补制度的蜕变与厢军职能异化耗费了大量军费却无法提高宋军战斗力,且对北宋军队的军事国防能力、特别是实战能力产生了消极影响。

Mercenary army system in the Northern Song Dynasty kept a mutual complementary system between the Jin and Xiang forces. Such a system, however, was rigidified during the mid-late Northern Song which caused an alienation of mercenary system, and negatively influenced the defense strength of the army, especially the fighting experience and expertise.