梯级水电站对库区和河道水温的影响预测

Influence forecast of the cascade power stations on water temperature of reservoirs and rivers

针对某河流梯级水电站水库中不同的水温结构类型,分别建立了一维和三维水动力与水温数学模型,对建设梯级电站后库区及河道的水温变化进行研究。研究结果表明,建设梯级电站后改变了库区水温的垂向分布,增大了水库表层和底层水温温差;改变了下游河道水温的时空分布,降低了下泄水流全年平均水温,减小了年内水温变幅。

The one-dimensional and three-dimensional hydrodynamic and water temperature numerical models for a reservoir of the cascade hydropower station with different temperature types were established to study the influences of the cascade hydropower station construction on the water temperature. The results show that after the construction of the stations, the vertical distribution of water temperature in the reservoir changes ; the difference between the bottom and surface water temperatures increases ; the spatial and temporal distributions of water temperature in the lower reaches of the river change; the variation range of water temperature in the lower reaches of the river decreases ; and the annual average water temperature of the discharged flow decreases.