原子荧光光谱分析技术的创新与发展

Innovation and Development for Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry Analysis

原子荧光光谱法(AFS)因化学蒸气分离、非色散光学系统等特性,是测定微量砷、锑、铋、汞、硒、碲、锗等元素最成功的分析方法之一。我国科技工作者为原子荧光光谱分析的发展作出了重要贡献:发明了高强度空心阴极灯、小火焰原子化、自动低温点火装置等许多专利技术;研制出多通道、氢化物与火焰原子化一体和六价铬检测等多种原子荧光光谱仪;研究出铅、锌、铬和镉的新化学蒸气发生体系和专用试剂,以及碘、钼间接测定方法;出版了5部专著;每年发表大量的研究和应用成果。本文对近二十年原子荧光光谱分析技术新进展,分专著出版、综述性文献、仪器及技术和应用四个方面进行综述,涉及地质、生物、水及空气、金属及合金、化工原料及试剂等物料,同时评述了原子荧光光谱分析在形态和价态分析方面的进展。提出研究新型激光激发光源、开发更加稳定可靠的高强度空心阴极灯、拓宽测试元素和领域、深入研究反应机理是未来原子荧光光谱分析的发展方向。

Atomic fluorescence spectrometry （AFS） has such characteristics of chemical vapor separation and non dispersive optical system. It is one of the most successful analytical methods available to determine trace As, Sb, Bi, Hg, Se, Te and Ge elements. Researchers in China have made important contributions to the development of AFS. Many technological patents have been invented, for example, the high-strength hollow cathode lamp, small flame atomization, and argon-hydrogen flame low temperature automatic ignition device. The multi-channel atomic fluorescence spectrometer, hydride generation and flame atomic fluorescence spectrometer and atomic fluorescence Rolls analyzer have also been further developed. New chemical vapor generation systems and specific reagents for the determination of Pb, Zn, Cr and Cd. A new method for indirect determination of I and Mo by AFS have also been established. Five monographs have been published and many achievements in research and application have been published annually. Described herein is an overview of the development of AFS in the past nearly twenty years, synthetically described on monograph publications, review literatures, equipment, technology and applications respectively in geological, biological, water, air, metals, alloys, chemical raw materials and reagents, etc. The developments of AFS in the form and valence state analysis are also reviewed in this article. It points out that research on a new type of laser excitation source, the development of a more stable and reliable high-strength hollow cathode lamp, broadening the testing elements and areas, and an in-depth study on the reaction mechanism are the future direction of the development of AFS.