国家旅游度假区持续发展的动力与问题——以上海佘山国家旅游度假区为例

The Power and Problems for Sustainable Development of National Tourism Resort in China-Shanghai Sheshan National Tourism Resort as an Example

上海佘山国家旅游度假区从1995年成立以来,经历了近20年的发展历程,其持续发展的动力来自于大项目建设与良好的发展机遇,吃住行游购娱等传统六要素依然是度假区的重要支撑,绿景境情体动等新六要素赋予了度假区更高的品位与灵魂,也是度假区区别于其他地域类型的根本所在;度假区核心要素是通过具体项目建设来实现的,其中大项目对度假区发展起到重要作用,主题园、酒店、别墅地产、自然公园等项目对度假区发展的作用是不同的,为度假区发展注入了不同的动力,包括形象与知名度、人气与收益等;作为城郊型度假区也面临一些客观问题,如人才短缺、配套服务不健全、利益主体多、管理专业化程度低等。中国旅游度假区发展面临很多更深层次的理论问题,必须从人类生活史、造园史、游憩发展角度科学认识度假区的发展变迁规律,才能为度假区的健康发展制定出有效的发展政策与经营对策。

Sheshan National Tourism Resort has been developed 20 years since founded in 1995. The power of its sustainable development has been producing from important projects and advantage opportunity of development. The new six factors, such as ecology, scenery, culture, service, health, recreation, are more and more important than the traditional six factors, such as eating, hotel, traffic, sightseeing, shopping, entertainment, although these factors are still important powers of supporting resorts development. The new factors decide resorts differences from other tourism destinations. These core factors depend on tourism projects especially some large tourism projects such as theme park, high star hotel, villas, natural park. These projects have different roles and powers including tourism image and popularity, human spirit and profits in development of resort. The suburb resorts have some practical problems such as lacking talent, inharmonious mating service, conflict stakeholders, low professional management. Many theoretical problems need more deep thinking and research for tourism resorts in China. The development of Chinese resort needs the healthy and effective policy based on scientific research from the history of human life and gardening.