浮式生产储油装置结构改造原则及关键技术

Principles and Key Technologies for FPSO Structure Reformation

浮式生产储油装置(FPSO)是集采油、油气处理、储油与卸油、发电、控制、生活功能为一体的海上油气处理装置。截至2008年2月,全球现役的FPSO有139艘,改造数量为85艘,占61.15%,主要分布在巴西、中国、英国、尼日尼亚、安哥拉等国家。有18艘FPSO在中国渤海和南海服役,产量占中国海上石油产量的70%,其中改造的旧FPSO数目超过60%。由于新建FPSO周期较长,造价较高,在海况不太恶劣的海域,租用旧FPSO并进行改造,使其满足新油田生产开发的工艺要求是更为普遍和经济的做法。根据多艘FPSO结构设计改造的实践经验,总结出FPSO改造应满足油田开发方案的要求、适应油田长期开发的海洋环境,严格遵守国际或国内相关规范的要求。重点分析了FPSO结构改造中的几个关键技术问题,如重视现状调查和评估、船体水动力响应分析、转塔系统、防腐措施等。

FPSO is a kind of offshore oil and gas processing unit with the function of oil production,oil and gas processing,oil storage and discharge,electrification,control and life.By the end of February of 2008,139 FPSOs have been working in the world and 61.15 percent of them （85 FPSOs） has been reformed ,distributed in Brazil,China,England,Nigeria,Angola and other countries mainly.There are 18 working FPSOs in Bohai Sea in China and South China Sea,whose production accounts for 70 percent of the offshore oil production in China,among them,reformed FPSOs account for more than 60%.Since new built FPSO needs long period and high cost,old FPSO may be rented and reformed in a little rough sea conditions so as to meet the demands of technology for oilfield production.According to the practical experience of reformation on structure design for many FPSOs,FPSO structure reformation should meet the requirements of offshore oil/gas fields＇ development and international and local standards under the offshore environment.Main technical points during FPSO structure reformation are presented, including investigation and assessment of the present situation ,hydrodynamic response analysis,mooring system,anti-corrosion measure and so on.