氢气的细胞保护作用及其在眼病的应用研究

Research on the cell protective effects of hydrogen and its application in eye diseases

氢气的还原性能及其医学价值近期引发人们重视。氢气可特异性中和羟自由基和过氧亚硝基阴离子，发挥选择性抗氧化作用。氢气的抗炎症特性可能与多种信号通路相关，它可抑制肿瘤坏死因子-α、促分裂原活化蛋白激酶家族和核因子-κB信号通路来减少炎性介质释放以及炎症细胞趋化，发挥抗炎症作用。氧化应激和炎症反应是多数眼病的共有致病机制，其中氧自由基、炎症因子是介导细胞损伤的重要介质。氢气浓度为0．6mM的富氢盐水持续点眼或腹腔注射治疗可有效抑制实验动物眼部组织氧化水平，改善缺血再灌注损伤、兴奋性毒性以及糖尿病所致的视网膜退行性改变，抑制碱烧伤导致的角膜新生血管化。氢气治疗作用及其分子机制的深入研究有望为眼病治疗带来新的希望。

It has recently been recognized that molecular hydrogen is a reductive substance with significant value in medicine. It acts as an effective antioxidant by selectively scavenging hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite. Meanwhile, molecular hydrogen inhibits the production of inflammatory factors and recruitment of inflammatory cells through inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-a （TNF-a） signal pathway and modulating the activity of Mitogen-activated protein kinases （MAPK） and NF-κB. Oxidative stress and inflammation are common mechanisms for cell injury in various eye diseases. Hydrogen rich saline （HRS） , containing 0. 6 mM hydrogen gas produced under high pressure, reduced ocular oxidative level and alleviated histological in- juries from ischemic reperfusion injury, glutamate-induced excito-toxicity, and diabetic retinopathy, and also successfully inhibited corneal angiogenesis due to alkali-burn. It is worthwhile to further investigate its mechanisms of action in order to further promote its application in eye diseases in the near future.