利用废旧橡胶制造弹性强化木地板的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Manufacture of Elastic Laminated Floorings with Waste Rubber

利用废旧橡胶与木材纤维复合,既为合理利用废弃橡胶资源创造了新的途径,也有助于调控木质复合材料的粘弹性能。笔者尝试了废旧轮胎橡胶在强化木地板中的应用,试验了橡胶颗粒的粒径(15～20目,20～25目,25～30目)及混合比例(0、10%、20%、30%)对复合板材性能的影响。根据国家标准测试和评价了产品的内结合强度(IB)、静曲强度(MOR)、弹性模量(MOE)、厚度回弹率(Sr)、吸水厚度膨胀率(TS)等性能,并重点研究了产品的重复抗压性能和动态热机械性能。研究结果表明,橡胶颗粒的掺入降低了板材的力学性能,但能有效改善复合板材的耐水性和弹性,调控板材的黏弹特性,利用木材纤维与废旧橡胶颗粒复合制造强化地板是可行的。

Composition of waste rubber and wood fibers is helpful for reasonable utilizing of waste rubber re- sources and controlling the viscoelasticity of the composites. In this paper, waste tire particles were tentatively used to make composite laminated floorings. The influences of two factors：particle size （15-20 mesh, 20-25 mesh, and 25-30 mesh） and content of waste rubber（0, 10%, 20% and 30% of wood fiber and waste rubber particles blending ratio） on performance of the wood-rubber composites （WRCs） were analyzed. Properties of WRCs in- cluding internal bond strength（IB）, modulus of rapture （MOR） and modulus of elasticity（MOE）, thickness swelling （TS）, and spring back ratio （St）were tested and evaluated according to the GB/T 17657-1999 and L Y/T 1611-2003 standards, respectively. As well, the compression behaviors and dynamic thermomechanical proper- ties of WRCs were investigated. It shows that, with addition of waste rubber particles, WRCs mechanical proper- ties decrease while own better water resistance and elasticity. Moreover, the viscoelasticity of board is effectively adjusted by adding rubber particles. The results demonstrate the feasibility of manufacturing wood-rubber com- posite floorings.