超支化聚酯季铵盐抗静电剂的合成及其应用

Synthesis and application of quaternary ammonium functionalized hyperbranched polyester antistatic agent

在氢氧化钠催化条件下,用环氧氯丙烷对超支化聚酯Boltorn H20端羟基进行接枝改性,得到中间体H20Cl,再将该中间体与十六烷基二甲基叔胺进行季铵化反应,合成一种新型超支化聚酯季铵盐抗静电剂H20C16N。通过探讨影响接枝率及H20C16N产率的主要因素,采用FT-IR、元素分析和XPS表征了抗静电剂的结构和性能。研究结果表明,当n(H20)∶n(环氧氯丙烷)=1∶16,50℃反应24 h,接枝率为83.73%;50℃季铵化反应12 h,产率为60.63%。将此抗静电剂应用于涤纶织物,整理后的涤纶织物静电压为0.01 kV,半衰期为0.00 s;水洗10次后,织物静电压为0.74 kV,半衰期为0.11 s。

Taking sodium hydroxide as the catalyst, the intermediate of hydroxy terminated hyperbranched polyester （ H2OCl） is prepared by the modification of hyperbranched polyester Boltorn H2O with epichlorohydrin. Through the reaction of H2OCl with hexadecyldimethylamine, a new kind antistatic agent of quaternary ammonium functionalized hyperbranched polyester （H2OC16N） is synthesized. The main factors affecting the degree of grafting and yield are investigated. The structure and performance of H2OC16N are characterized by FT-IR, EA and XPS. The results indicate that the degree of grafting is 83.73% at the conditions of reacting at 50 ℃ for 24 h with n（H2O） ： n（epichlorohydrin） = 1 ： 16, the yield is 60.63 % with quaterisation reaction at 50 ℃ for 12 h. The finished PET fabric with H2OC16N as the antistatic agent achieves 0.01 kV static voltage and 0.00 s electrostatic half-time after finishing, and 0.74 kV static voltage and 0.11 s electrostatic half-time after ten washing cycles.