舰艇防空火力规划与调度方法研究

Planning and scheduling for the air defense of warship

根据舰艇防空武器拦截过程的时间连续性和拦截效果的不确定性特点,提出了智能规划和优化调度相结合的舰艇防空计划生成方法。在规划阶段,先用智能规划描述语言PDDL对舰艇防空问题进行建模;针对新的来袭目标或观察的拦截结果,利用智能规划的高效行动推理能力,快速生成可能的备选行动方案;在优化调度阶段,对已生成的备选方案的行动系列进行时间、资源冲突处理,并计算选择出当前最佳拦截方案。与现有的采用离散化处理的武器-目标分配方法相比,该规划与调度过程充分体现了拦截过程的连续性,拦截效果的不确定性,拦截过程中的武器协同,以及最佳拦截时机的选择等,更好地描述了舰艇防空的实际过程。最后,通过蒙特卡罗仿真试验,验证了算法的有效性,为舰艇的自动化防空提供了一种新的解决办法。

In light of the time-continuity of warships＇ air defense process and the uncertainty effect of intercepting operation a novel generating method of intelligent planning and scheduling for the air defense of warships is proposed. When a new anti-ship target is detected, the air defense system of the warship will search the constraint satisfaction plan with the highest intercepting probability immediately. Then, when one intercepting operation fails, the secondary intercepting strategy will be generated timely. The current conventional methods all handle it as the Weapon-Target Assignment （WTA） problem, which cannot model the time-continuous and uncertain process, while the method proposed integrates the planning and Scheduling strategies. For each new detected or failed intercepted target, the action-reasoning algorithm of the Al （ Artificial Intelligence） planning system is used to search the possible candidate intercepting plans. Then, the optimal scheduling algorithm checks the temporal and resource conflicts among the actions of each candidate plans, and returns the constraint satisfaction strategy with the highest intercepting probability. Planning and scheduling process takes the weapons coordination, the time-continuity and uncertainty of the intercepting operation, and the optimal intercepting time selection into account. Compared with the discrete-time based algorithm used for WTA, the Planning-Scheduling model is more appropriate to describe the air defense process. The property of the algorithm is verified by the Monte Carlo simulation experiment, which shows the method proposed provides a new approach to handle the automatic air defense problem of the warship.