252例腹泻患者的临床病因分析

Analysis on Clinical Cause of 252Cases of Diarrhea Patients

目的探讨不同年龄组患者腹泻的病因和临床特点。方法回顾性分析2010年4月-2012年3月北京大学医院门诊腹泻患者的临床资料。结果 252例病例中感染性腹泻214例,占84.9%;非感染性腹泻38例,占15.1%。在非感染性腹泻患者中,肠道恶性肿瘤8例,占3.2%;肠易激综合征、自身免疫性肠道疾病均为7例,各占2.8%;药物性肠炎、原因不明性肠病各5例,各占2.0%;其它占2.2%。各年龄段中感染是主要病因,自身免疫性肠病、肠易激综合征好于年龄<30岁及30～60岁组,肿瘤好发于>60岁组。明确病因诊断的247例患者中,215例患者病程<3周,感染性腹泻有211例,非感染性4例;病程≥3周的病例32例,感染性腹泻为3例,非感染性29例。结论感染性疾病是腹泻的主要病因,肠道恶性肿瘤为非感染性腹泻的主要原因。

Objective To probe into the causes and clinical characteristics of diarrhea in patients from different age groups. Method Clinical data of diarrhea patients received in the out-patient of Peking University Hospi- tal from April 2010 to March 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among the 252 cases of patients, there were 214 cases with infectious diarrhea, accounted for 84.9% ; 38 cases with non-infectious diarrhea, ac- counted for 15. 1%/00. Among patients with non-infectious diarrhea, there were 8 cases with malignant bowel tumor, accounted for 3.2%; there were 7 cases with irritable bowel syndrome and 7 cases with autoimmune bowel disease with a respective percentage of 2.8%; there were 5 cases with drug enteritis and 5 cases with bowel disease of unknown cause with a respective percentage of 2.0%; others accounted for 2. 2%. Major cause of diseases in patients from different age groups was infection. Autoimmune bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome typically occurred in persons from groups aged less than 30 years and aged between 30 and 60 years, and tumor typically occurred in persons from groups aged above 60 years. Among the 247 cases of patients with clear etiological diagnosis, there were 215 cases with their course of disease shorter than 3 weeks, including 211 cases with infectious diarrhea and 4 cases with non-infectious diarrhea; among 32 cases of patients with a 3-week course of disease or longer, there were 3 cases with infectious diarrhea and 29 cases with non-infectious diarrhea. Conclusion Diarrhea is mainly caused by infectious diseases and malignant bowel tumor is the major cause of non-infectious diarrhea.