农村留守妇女孤独感及其与社会支持的关系

Relationship between sense of loneliness and social support of rural left-behind women

目的了解芜湖市周边地区农村妇女孤独感特点及其与社会支持的关系。方法采取整群抽样的方法,抽取芜湖市周边部分农村地区20～55周岁妇女共958人,应用自编调查表、UCLA孤独量表和社会支持评定量表测定其孤独感和社会支持情况。结果 32～43岁组两类妇女在客观支持和支持利用度上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),非留守妇女得分均高于留守妇女。44～55岁组两类妇女在客观支持和主观支持上差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),非留守妇女得分均高于留守妇女。农村妇女孤独感和社会支持呈显著负相关,且主观支持对留守妇女孤独感有显著预测作用,社会支持总分对非留守妇女孤独感有显著预测作用。结论构建农村妇女社会支持系统,有助于提高农村妇女心理健康水平。

Objective To investigate the relationship between their loneliness characteristics and social support in the rural women in Wuhu city. Methods By cluster sampling, we conducted the survey on 958 women （age 20 - 55 years） living in rural villages of Wuhu city with questionnaire, and the survey included UCLA Loneliness Scale and the Social Support Rating Scale. Results The scoring of left-behind women who was aged 32 to 43 were lower than that of non-left-behind women regarding aspects of objective support and usage of support （P 〈 0. 05 ）. The scoring of left-behind women who was aged 44 to 55 were lower than that of non-left- behind women regarding aspects of objective support （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The sense of loneliness and social support of rural women had a significantly negative correlation, and subjective support had significant prediction of the sense of left-behind women loneliness, and total scores of social support had significant prediction of the sense of non- left-behind women loneliness. Conclusions To construct social support system of rural women is conductive to maintain their mental health level.