河南省农村留守妇女艾滋病相关知识现状调查

Investigation of the knowledge about acquired immune deficiency syndrome among women living separately in the rural regions away from their husbands in Henan Province

目的了解农村留守妇女艾滋病相关知识、态度及防范意识现状,为制定农村艾滋病健康教育和行为干预提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方式,在河南省外出打工比较集中的商城和固始2个县抽取20～50岁的留守妇女600人进行问卷调查。结果农村留守妇女对艾滋病3大传播途径认知率达63.2%;对艾滋病非传播途径的认知错误率较高:如蚊虫叮咬、握手和共用餐具与艾滋病相关性的错误率分别为88.7%、80.2%和79.4%;被调查者中78.3%的人对艾滋病患者具有歧视与恐惧心理,76.7%的人表示假如丈夫是艾滋病病毒携带者也会答应不使用安全套。结论农村留守妇女是潜在艾滋病病毒感染的高危险人群,有必要针对性地开展艾滋病健康教育及干预工作。

Objective To investigate into the status of the knowledge,attitude and protective awareness about acquired immune deficiency syndrome（AIDS） among women who are living separately in the rural regions away from their husbands, and work out strategies for health education about AIDS and provide some bases for behavioral intervention. Methods Ran- dom group-sampling method was adopted to deliver questionnaires into 600 women living separately in Shangcheng and Gushi counties（20 -50 years old） in Henan Province,where most male adult laborers served as peasant-workers in the cities. Re- sults The rate of three-way-AIDS-transmission awareness was 63.2% among them, and most of them misunderstood the non- transmitting ways of AIDS,the misunderstanding rates of insect bites, shaking hands or sharing daily utensils were 88.7%, 80. 2% ,and 79.4%. They generally had discrimination and fright about patients with AIDS（78.3% ） ;76.7% of them consen- ted not to use condoms even if they knew that their husbands were human immunodeficiency virus（HIV） carriers. Conclusion Women who are living separately in the rural regions away from their husbands are the higher risk population to be infected by HIV ,so it is absolutely necessary to carry out health education against AIDS and intervention strategies among them.