摘要
栖息地丧失和食物资源减少是导致近年来鸻鹬类数量下降的首要原因.研究鸻鹬类的食物来源和组成有利于对其栖息地进行科学有效的保护.以往研究鸻鹬类食物所使用的方法大多为胃内容物分析或粪便分析,但所得结果只能反映鸟类摄取的食物,无法反映其利用的食物.稳定同位素分析能够确定消费者的食物来源和食物组成.利用稳定同位素分析方法,比较了崇明东滩黑腹滨鹬(Calidris alpina)的食物组成以及初级生产者的食物贡献.黑腹滨鹬在春、秋、冬三季的稳定同位素水平具有显著差异,δ13 C比值分别是-21.69‰,-17.16‰,-19.51‰;δ15 N比值由春到冬依次降低,分别是13.06‰,12.30‰,10.63‰.黑腹滨鹬在三个季节的食物组成差异显著.各类底栖动物生物量的季节变化可能是导致黑腹滨鹬食物组成存在季节差异的主要原因.春秋的食物组成中都以双壳类贡献最大;在秋季甲壳类的食物贡献上升,腹足类和多毛类的贡献则相对春季有所下降;越冬期食物组成中四类底栖动物的贡献相对平衡.在春季和秋季,黑腹滨鹬最主要的食物来源分别是本地C3植物(芦苇和海三棱藨草)和外来C4植物互花米草;三类初级生产者越冬期对黑腹滨鹬的食源贡献比较接近,可能是冬季崇明东滩食物资源相对匮乏所致.
Habitat loss and reduction of food resources are the primary reason for the decline of shorebird population worldwide. Diet studies provide basis for the conservation of shorebirds and their habitats. Stomach contents and droppings have been widely used to reconstruct food composition of birds. However, these analyses reveal only the food resources taken by birds, not those assimilated. Stable isotope analysis is an effective way to determine food sources and diet composition of consumers. In this study, diet composition of dunlins (Calidris alpina )and the potential contribution of the primary producers at Chongming Dongtan were determined using stable isotope analysis. In spring, autumn, and winter, ~la C of dunlins' plasma was -- 21.69%0, -- 17. 16%0, and -- 19. 51%0, respectively. 61SN of dunlins' plasma was 13. 060/oo0, 12.30%0, and 10.63%0, respectively. The diet composition of dunlins displayed significant seasonal variation, which might be caused by the variation of biomass of macrobenthic invertebrates among the seasons. The most important food source of dunlins was the native Ca plants(Phragmites australis and Scirpus mariqueter ) in spring and the invasive Ca plants( Spartina alterni flora )in autumn. Bivalves were the major food for dunlins in spring and autumn. The crustaceans contributed more to the diet of dunlins in autumn than in spring, while the gastropods and the polychaetes did less. In winter, the potential contribution from the three groups of primary producers to the dunlins' food was similar, so were the diet contributions of maerohenthic invertebrates.
出处
《复旦学报(自然科学版)》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期112-118,共7页
Journal of Fudan University:Natural Science
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(31071939)
上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(12231204702)
关键词
稳定同位素
黑腹滨鹬
非繁殖期
食物来源
崇明东滩
stable isotope dunlin(Calidrisalpina)non-breeding season food source Chongming Dongtan