企业生态效率差异及技术进步贡献——基于要素密集度视角的分位数回归分析

Enterprise Eco -efficiency Differences and Contribution of Technological Progress——Quantile Regression Analysis from the Perspective of Element Concentration

通过对湖南省化工企业调研数据的经验分析后发现,资本密集型企业与劳动密集型企业的生态效率存在一定差异,而技术进步是导致这种差异的主要因素。技术进步对企业生态效率差异的贡献在其分布区间并不均匀,在企业生态效率分布的高端,资本密集型企业技术进步对于生态效率的贡献要显著大于劳动密集型企业;在生态效率分布的低端,这一贡献的差异并不明显。造成这种现象的原因,在于不同要素密集度企业在技术水平上存在的差异以及权衡生产效率改进和生态效率改进时对适宜性技术进步的"有偏选择"。此外,企业生态文化、环境规制强度、政府补贴与奖励以及地域等因素对于企业生态效率存在不同程度的影响;各因素在不同要素密集度企业中的作用也存在一定差异。

Based on the empirical analysis on investigation data of hunan province chemical enterprise,this essay points out that certain differences exist in eco-efficiency between capital-intensive and labor-intensive enterprises.In this phenomenon,technological advance is the main factor causing the difference.However,its contribution on eco-efficiency differences is not evenly distributed.In the high-end,the contribution made by technological progress in capital-intensive enterprises is significantly greater than that in labor-intensive enterprises,while in the low-end,there is no significant difference.The reasons for this phenomenon mainly lie in the following two aspects: first,differences exist in technological level in the two kinds of enterprises;second,biased selection of suitable technological progress would be conducted when weigh the production efficiency and eco-efficiency improvements.In addition,eco-efficiency is also influenced to different degree by ecological culture,financial capability,environmental regulation,government subsidies and reward,geographical factors and so forth.The role of these factors in capital-intensive and that in labor-intensive enterprises also differ from each other to a certain extent.'