竞技体育软实力概念阐释与发展策略

Concept Interpretion and Development Strategy of Soft Power of Competitive Sports

目的:20世纪80年代以来,随着中国竞技体育硬实力的不断增强,通过加强软实力建设进一步提升中国竞技体育国际地位和声望已成为迫在眉睫的战略任务。研究试图对竞技体育软实力概念和价值进行理论阐释,并提出加强我国竞技体育软实力的策略与建议。方法:研究主要运用定性化研究设计,运用访谈、文献和其他数据等资料搜集方法和主题分析等资料分析方法。结果:研究对竞技体育软实力基本内涵和加强中国竞技体育软实力建设的意义价值进行了理论阐释,提出了加强中国竞技体育软实力建设的思路和举措。结论:竞技体育软实力是相对于资源、经济、科技等硬实力的无形要素,是通过对其他国家、地区或组织的影响、吸引和同化而非强制或利诱来实现自身竞技体育发展目标的能力;硬实力是基础,而软实力是竞技体育硬实力发展的前提并影响着竞技体育硬实力效能的发挥;加强软实力建设对于提升中国竞技体育整体实力、国际影响力和建设体育强国等有着重要的现实意义;以发展理念、组织管理、文化建设等维度为切入点和突破口,是提升中国竞技体育软实力的有效途径。

Objective： With the improvement of hard power of Chinese competitive sports, it has been a critical strategic mission to promote the international status and reputation of Chinese competitive sports by soft power con- struction since 1980. Methods： This paper elaborates the concept and value of soft power, and proposes strategies and suggestion to enhance it. The paper mainly adopts the methods of qualitative design, interview, document, other data and theme analysis. Results： The connotation meaning of competitive sports soft power （CSSP） and the significance to strengthen it has been thoroughly discussed, the ideas and approaches to enhance it has also been presented. Conclusion： It is found out that CSSP is an invisible factor compare with hard power of competitive sports, such as resource, economy, and technology. It is the ability to develop competitive sports by influencing, attracting or assimilating other country, district, institution rather than coercion and bribery. Hard power is the basis of competitive sports, but CSSP is the premise of hard power and it greatly affects the effect of hard power. It is realistically essential to improve the overall strength of China competitive sports and its global impact with CSSP. The effective ways to improve CSSP are concept development, organizational management, cultural con- struction and other dimensions as the starting and breakthrough point.