婴幼儿支气管哮喘发生危险因素的Logistic分析

Logistic analysis of the risk factors of asthema in infants and young children

目的研究婴幼儿支气管哮喘发生的危险因素。方法采用病例对照的方法分析2010年3月至2012年3月在我院儿科门诊或住院治疗的支气管哮喘婴幼儿和同期健康婴幼儿各296例的临床资料,应用单因素和逐步前进法Logistic多因素回归进行统计分析。结果单因素分析显示婴幼儿支气管哮喘的危险因素与母亲孕期因素(妊娠剧吐、孕期被动吸烟、过敏性疾病家族史)和新生儿期因素(早产、低出生体重、病理性黄疸、母乳喂养、生后反复呼吸道感染、机械通气)均有关(P<005),而与母亲孕期因素(饲养宠物史、妊娠高血压综合征、妊娠糖尿病)和新生儿期因素(患儿性别、新生儿窒息、分娩方式)无关(均P>005)。Logistic分析显示过敏性疾病家族史、病理性黄疸、生后反复呼吸道感染、孕期被动抽烟是婴幼儿发生支气管哮喘的独立危险因素;母乳喂养是独立的保护因素。结论过敏性疾病家族史、病理性黄疸、生后反复呼吸道感染、孕期被动抽烟是婴幼儿支气管哮喘发生的独立危险因素,而母乳喂养是保护因素。

Objective To study the risk factors of Asthema in infants and young children. Methods Analyses the clinical data of 296 infants and young children with Asthema from March 2010 to March 2012 by case-control study, and used the single factor analysis to screen out the possibly significant risk factors, then applied the forward Logistic regression to identify the independent risk factors. Results The risk factors of Asthema infants and young children in Chaozhou were associated with three pregnancy-related factors （ hyperemesis gravidarum, smoking or passive smoking of pregnant women and allergic family history） and seven Neonatal factors （ Premature birth, low birth weight infant, neonatal pathologic jaundice, breast feeding, frequent respiratory tract infections and mechanical ventilation） by the univatiate analysis （all P 〈 0. 05）, and not with pet ownership, preg- nancy-induced hypertension syndrome,gestational diabetesmellitus, infant gender, neonatal asphyxia and delivery pattern by the univatiate analysis （ all P 〉 0. 05 ）. The forward logistic regression analysis found that allergic family history, neonatal pathologic jaundice, frequent respiratory tract infections, smoking or passive smoking of preg- nant women and breast feeding are independent risk factors of Asthema. Conclusion The risk factors of Asthema in infants and young children are allergic family history, neonatal pathologic jaundice, frequent respiratory tract infections, smoking or passive smoking of pregnant women, and the protective fators is breast feeding.