秦皇岛大气污染物浓度变化特征

Variation of Atmospheric Pollutants in Qinhuangdao City

为了解河北沿海旅游城市秦皇岛大气污染现有水平,研究其变化趋势,于2009年9月～2010年8月对秦皇岛市大气中的典型污染物进行连续监测研究.结果表明,该市大气中NO、NO2、SO2、O3和PM10平均浓度分别为(18±18)、(45±18)、(42±46)、(44±25)和(128±77)μg·m-3,PM10污染最为严重,年均浓度超出国家二级标准(100μg·m-3)接近30%.夏季O3日平均浓度和日小时浓度最大值(O3_1h max)的平均分别为(64±21)μg·m-3和(126±42)μg·m-3,偏南海洋气团有加重O3污染现象,伴随有短期超标;采暖期大气NOx、SO2和PM10分别是非采暖期的1.5、4.9和1.5倍,PM10和SO2日均值相对国家二级标准的超标率分别为53%和11%.京津冀、环渤海工业区的气团输送和当地海港区高排放叠加可使秦皇岛NOx、SO2和PM10污染物平均浓度上升17%、27%和12%,冬季其三者大气平均浓度飙升至(100±49)、(110±84)和(215±108)μg·m-3.北方内陆干洁气团和南方海洋气团可有效清除秦皇岛市大气污染物.

To illuminate the air pollution situation of the tourist city of Qinhuangdao,the atmospheric pollutants were measured from autumn 2009 to summer 2010.The results showed that the mean average concentration of NO,NO2,SO2,O3 and PM10 during the observation period reached（18 ± 18）,（45 ± 18）,（42 ± 46）,（44 ± 25） and（128 ± 77） μg.m-3,respectively.The particulate matter pollution was serious,and the rate of the annual mean value exceeded the National Ambient Air Quality Standard Ⅱ by 28%.The average daily concentration and average max hourly O3 concentration were（64 ± 21） μg.m-3 and（126 ± 42） μg.m-3 in summer,and the air masses from the southern ocean aggravated the O3 pollution.The concentrations of NOx,SO2 and PM10 in the heating period were 1.5,4.9 and 1.5 times more than those in the period without heating and the daily average concentration of SO2 and PM10 exceeded the National Ambient Air Quality Standard Ⅱ by 53% and 11% in the heating period,respectively.The superimposition effect of regional transport in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and industrial area surrounding the Bohai Bay and local harbor emission led to an increase of 17%（NOx）,27%（SO2） and 12%（PM10）,resulting in average concentrations of up to（100 ± 49）,（110 ± 84） and（215 ± 108） μg.m-3 in winter.The winds from northern inland and southern ocean can effectively remove the air pollutants.