区域技术差距视角下省际工业CO_2排放效率

Total-factor Carbon Emission Performance of China’s Provincial Industry Sector Based on the Regional Technology Gap Perspective

运用方向性距离函数,对传统的CO2排放效率测量MCPI(Malmquist CO2emission PerformanceIndex)指数进行拓展,使其能同时兼顾经济增长与减排,在充分考虑中国三大区域CO2减排技术差距的基础上,采用共同前沿Malmquist-Luenberger指数方法测算中国30个省份工业1998～2010年全要素CO2排放效率、生产率及其构成,并就三种技术基准下效率差异、低碳全要素生产率及其构成与技术创新者省份进行实证分析。结果表明:考察期内中国工业全要素CO2排放效率整体水平较低且省际差异明显,存在巨大的减排增产空间;全部省份工业的低碳全要素生产率呈递增趋势,其中,技术进步贡献大于效率改善;北京、上海和辽宁工业CO2排放技术构建了全国潜在的最优技术前沿,东部省份工业低碳技术开始分化,中、西部省份与全国潜在最优的技术差距比率以-2%和-1.3%速度逐年拉大;内蒙古和海南工业分别在2009年和2010年成为全国的低碳技术创新者。

On the basis of Directional Distance Function and considering the technology gap of carbon emission technology among China＇s each area sufficiently, this paper expanded the traditional Malmquist carbon emission Performance Index （MCPI）, under the frame work of metafrontier, estimates of total-factor carbon emission performance, and calculates Metafrontier Malmquist-Luenberger Index, and its decomposed components of China＇s 30 provinces industry sector during 1998-2010. Then an analysis is made on the disparity of carbon emissions performance under a contemporaneous benchmark technology, an intertemporal benchmark technology and a global benchmark technology,low carbon total factor productivity and the technical gap ratio evolution trends in China＇s inter-provlncial,and innovative provinces. The empirical conclusions drawn are as follows ： The overall level of Chinas industry total-factor carbon emission performance is on the low side and its provincial disparities are significant during the sample period. There exists tremendous room for carbon reduction and output growth. The low carbon total factor productivity of all provinces industry is rising, among which, technical progress contribution greater than efficiency change. Beijing, Shanghai and Liaoning province＇s carbon emission technology construct national potential optimal carbon emission technology pioneers, Eastern provinces＇ industrial low-carbon technologies begin to differentiate, the central and the western provinces low carbon technology gap ratio is widening with the national potential optimal technology level in -2% and -1.3% rate year by year. Inner Mongolia and Hainan province industry become the country＇s technological innovators of low carbon in 2009 and 2010, respectively.